For rontalizumab, although a phase II study showed safe and well-tolerated profiles in patients with active extrarenal lupus, it did not achieve its primary efficacy endpoint, probably due to a discrepancy in the numbers of SLE patient subgroups (high or low IFN signature metric (ISM)) leading to suboptimal drug efficacy [115]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.