LDHA and cholangiocarcinoma: Moreover, Kawamoto et al. [193] demonstrated for the first time that metronidazole (MNZ) reduces cancer stemness by reducing ALDH activity and promoting MET, resulting decreased invasive potential and enhanced gemcitabine (GEM) chemosensitivity by enhancing equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) and diminishing ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) in CCA cells.