Furthermore, CAFs are capable of stimulating tumor invasion by inducing structural changes in the ECM, including stimulation of neuropilin-1, a co-receptor and signaling amplifier of a variety of VEGF family proteins, MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9, promoting matrix degradation, periostin and tenascin C [132,133]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.