Shuang et al. [71] reported that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT provides CCA cell line, TFK-1, with stem cell-like features, such as CSC biomarker aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and enhanced resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, 5-fluorouracil. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cholangiocarcinoma.