TNFSF10 and cancer: With a double-stranded region in its secondary structure and 5′-triphosphate, IVT-B2 can trigger RIG-I downstream signaling, which is associated with the activation of apoptotic genes [including NOXA and/or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)], increase in type-1 IFNs production, and activation of pro-apoptotic genes in cancer cells (Liu et al., 2016).