Tau is probably the most studied MAP because of its implication in a group of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, associated with Tau aggregation into intraneuronal deposits (Brion et al., 1986), such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and progressive supranuclear palsy. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.