PRDM16 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: We found that CA promotes activation of BAT function and differentiation by upregulation of genes related to BAT thermogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial activation such as Pgc1a, Ucp1, Prdm16, Sirt3, Cidea and CytC, thereby suppress obesity by promoting EE.