ABCG2 and neoplasm: These include: increased expression of ABC transporters (including ABCG2 and ABCC1) [105,106]; decreased proliferation [102]; complex modulation of cellular senescence and apoptosis [102]; induction of autophagy that aids in tumor survival [107]; enhanced genetic instability and subsequent clonal selection of aggressive phenotypes [102]; upregulation of pro-angiogenic factors [102] and repression of E-cadherin thus promoting metastatic spread [102].