MYD88 and neoplasm: In a co-culture experiment of mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with mouse ovarian cancer cell line ID-8, the importance of upstream activators of canonical NF-κB signaling was demonstrated by specific knockouts of Myd-88, IL1R, TLR2 and TLR4 in the BMDMs, which caused decreased invasion of ID-8 cells in vitro and decreased tumor growth in vivo [62].