TLR4 and neoplasm: Another study, focusing on upstream activators of canonical NF-κB signaling in OC, found that high expression of both toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Myd-88 was associated with a poorer outcome and a more aggressive tumor phenotype and was significantly correlated with the expression of NF-κB pathway proteins IKKβ and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) [17].