A case-control study showed that elevated levels of TNF-α and its soluble receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) were associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer [TNF-α-odds ratio [OR]: 1.73; sTNFR1-[OR]:1.68; sTNFR2-[OR]:1.53] (79). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is endometrial cancer.