To explore the association of Lp-PLA2 and SOD with CSVD patients with cognitive impairment, we asked whether (1) plasma Lp-PLA2 and SOD levels in CSVD patients with cognitive impairment were higher or lower than those in CSVD patients with normal cognition [NC], (2) there was a certain linear relationship between Lp-PLA2/SOD and cognitive impairment in CSVD, and (3) the Lp-PLA2/SOD-related receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve could be used to distinguish CSVD with mild or severe cognitive impairment [MCI, SCI] from those with NC. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is Cognitive impairment.