Given the neuroprotective effect of TNFR2 signaling in our spinal cord injury model (Novrup et al., 2014) and the protective effect of this receptor in chronic, inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (Brambilla et al., 2011; Gao et al., 2017), we cannot exclude that TNFR2 signaling on microglia may have contributed to the protective effects observed after topical XPro1595 treatment. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1B and multiple sclerosis.