Immunocytochemistry for full-length TDP-43 found a stronger signal of nuclear TDP-43 in C9-ALS lines compared to controls at both 3 weeks and 6 weeks of terminal differentiation (Fig. 5B, Fig. S6), which supports the changes in gene expression levels detected using RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.