Vanishing white matter disease (VWMD; OMIM 603896), which is also known as childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination (CACH), is an autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy caused by mutations in the EIF2B1–5 genes that encode the subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) [1, 2]. The gene discussed is EIF2B5; the disease is leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter.