STX1A and hemolytic-uremic syndrome: Among the E. coli human pathogens, the Shiga toxin (Stx)–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and its subgroup enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) have gained importance in the three last decades due to their involvement in diarrhea [1], that may be complicated by hemorrhagic colitis (HC) [2] and the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) [3,4], the foremost cause of acute renal failure in children [1] due to action of the two major types of the phage-encoded Stxs, Stx1 and/or Stx2.