The available studies showedthat IL-1β> 4.7 pg/dl had sensitivity and specificity of78% and 83%, respectively, in the diagnosis of neonatal asphyxia.IL-1β and IL6 are significantly increased in birthasphyxia and the rate of increase is associated with the severity of encephalopathy.Simultaneous assessment of IL-1β and IL6 is the best indicator of perinatal asphyxia(25). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Encephalopathy.