We found that patients with AL had a cytokine profile with statistically significant increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, but also Th1 associated cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-γ, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, when compared to patients with implant failures due to mechanical causes. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is axial length measurement.