Enhanced GRK2 protein in breast cells strengthens EGF or heregulin-triggered mitogenic (ERK1/2) and survival (AKT) cascades, fosters proliferation, survival and anchorage-independent growth of luminal MCF7 or MDA-MB-231 basal cancer cells, and increases tumor growth in vivo in xenograft and orthotopic mouse models [111]. Here, GRK2 is linked to neoplasm.