Clinical trials have demonstrated that IL-1 blockade with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra or the monoclonal antibody against IL-1β canakinumab are highly effective for cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) and, more recently, have demonstrated efficacy for TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS), mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) and colchicine-resistant FMF (crFMF) [3]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is mevalonic aciduria.