In acute promyelocytic leukemia or adult T-cell lymphoma, arsenic-induced, SUMO-triggered ubiquitination and proteasomal destruction of driver oncoproteins (PML/RARA and Tax, respectively) were shown to be the underlying mechanism for therapy response (Lallemand-Breitenbach et al, 2008; Tatham et al, 2008; de The et al, 2012; Dassouki et al, 2015). This evidence concerns the gene PML and acute promyelocytic leukemia.