Hence, our study points to a possibility that plants might possess a translational derepression pathway involving AtGCN2, eIF2α, and TBF1 that is triggered during pathogen infection and reminiscent of the yeast GCN2-eIF2α-GCN4 and mammalian GCN2/PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 pathways. Here, ATF4 is linked to infection.