SELENOS and atherosclerosis: Another anti-oxidant, selenium (Se), is incorporated into proteins known as selenoproteins to reduce H2O2 and lipid/phospholipid hydro-peroxidases by Se-dependent glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), while low levels of GPx-1 (the primary selenoprotein in mammals) activity are associated with atherosclerosis and severity of disease (219).