By contrast, we observed an expansion of the major macrophage cluster associated with obesity (cluster 0), which is characterized by high expression of Pld3 and Lipa, and oxidant stress, lipid metabolism, PPAR signaling and phagolysosomal functions in VAT of obese Ntn1Δmac compared to WT mice (67% vs 40%, Figure 4B,E). Here, PPARA is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.