Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in pancreatic stellate cells was shown to be a central transcriptional repressor of their inflammatory and fibrotic functions, and treatment of mice with the VDR ligand calcipotriol induced stromal reprogramming that inhibited inflammation and fibrosis, enabled gemcitabine delivery into tumors, and improved survival in a PDAC model, suggesting that vitamin D may be utilized therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatic cancer (131). Here, VDR is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.