MAP1LC3B and renal cell carcinoma: To explore whether HGFK1 and sorafenib affect autophagy and presence of CSCs of RCC in vivo, the expression of LC3B, phosphorylated NF-κB, and CSCs markers were analyzed with IHC staining on xenograft tumor as described in materials and methods. Compared to the controls, sorafenib could increase LC3B expression but not HGFK1; however, the up-regulation of LC3B induced by sorafenib could be inhibited by HGFK1.