It is well known that the inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1β and TNF-α), which can reduce both systolic and diastolic cardiac function to advance cardiac remodeling through abnormal calcium handling in cardiomyocytes and enhancement of cardiac fibrosis via an activation of fibroblasts, are elevated both in the blood and local heart tissue of HF patients [58]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is hydrops fetalis.