IRS1 and diabetes mellitus: In contrast to DIO mice at 45 weeks of age, the phosphorylation of IRS1 at mSer307, which increases in insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity [5], with phosphorylation at mSer1097 significantly increased in the hippocampus of DIO mice at 35 weeks of age, although there were no significant differences in phosphorylation at mSer612 and mSer632/635 between DIO and age-matched WT mice (Figure 1E, Figure S4A).