Furthermore, naïve Th cells (CD45RA+) were reduced meanwhile the percentage of effector and memory Th cells (CD45RO+) was higher in the placebo group, which has previously been observed in untreated celiac disease patients and explained by higher percentages of circulating CD45+ αβTcR+ and γδTcR+ lymphocytes activated by gluten [36]. This evidence concerns the gene PTPRC and celiac disease.