Having also found that SASP components and their regulatory pathways NF‐κB and JAK‐STAT were upregulated in human syncytiotrophoblast cultures (Fig 4D, G and H) and downregulated in murine placentas lacking p53 and Cdkn2a (Fig 5A), we compared the activation levels of these pathways in human normal and IUGR placentas. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and fetal growth restriction.