Briefly, the key transcription factor of monocyte C/EBPβ bound to the NTT promoter and regulated the NTT expression, which might enhance the PBOV1 expression by interacting with hnRNPU and the promoter of PBOV1. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated THP‐1 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of first‐diagnosed untreated early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, the C/EBPβ/NTT/PBOV1 axis was found to be hyperactivated. This evidence concerns the gene PBOV1 and rheumatoid arthritis.