In addition, in coincidence with the results of transcriptomic analyses on mammary tissues derived from cows naturally infected with S. aureus mastitis [55], we found in the present study that one immune-related gene GPR68 and seven other genes such as ADAMTS12, COL1A1 and LRRC8C were upregulated, while two immune-related genes (MX1 and AOX1) and 11 other genes such as GATSL3, UBXN11 and FHOD1 were downregulated in the infected group but not in the healthy group. Here, AOX1 is linked to mastitis.