MX1 and mastitis: In addition, in coincidence with the results of transcriptomic analyses on mammary tissues derived from cows naturally infected with S. aureus mastitis [55], we found in the present study that one immune-related gene GPR68 and seven other genes such as ADAMTS12, COL1A1 and LRRC8C were upregulated, while two immune-related genes (MX1 and AOX1) and 11 other genes such as GATSL3, UBXN11 and FHOD1 were downregulated in the infected group but not in the healthy group.