TNF and melanoma: Notably, a fusion protein coupling TNF to the Cys-Asn-Gly-Arg-Cys peptide, able to target the aminopeptidase N expressed by tumor blood vessels, proved more efficient than TNF alone at reducing tumor growth in murine melanoma and lymphoma models (7), and promoted the efficacy of adoptive T cell transfer therapy (ACT) combined or not with anti-PD-1 treatments in mouse models of melanoma, and prostate carcinoma (8, 9).