Both PGLYRP-3 and NOD2 recognize the bacterial PGN and play a synergistic role in maintaining intestinal microbiota and inflammation as PGLYRP-3−/− NOD2−/− double-knockout mice were more sensitive to DSS-colitis than PGLYRP-3−/− or NOD2−/− single knockout animals [46]. The gene discussed is NOD2; the disease is colitis.