The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (n = 1441) found no differences in SF-36 scores between the intensive insulin treatment group with an HbA1c level of 7.4% (57 mmol/mol) compared to the standard treatment group with an HbA1c level of 9.1% (76 mmol/mol) at the end of the study [11, 35]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.