15-LOX, one of the enzymes belonging to this group, has recently attracted attention due to its connection to largely spread diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and diabetes, a fact that has led to the set-up of a new study direction involving the research for the discovery of new potent 15-LOX inhibitors [44]. The gene discussed is ALOX15; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.