In recent years, non-invasive in vivo imaging of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression has gained increasing clinical interest, based on the important role of CXCR4 expression in cancer development, progression, and metastasis and its pivotal involvement in inflammatory conditions, and driven by the development and clinical translation of [68Ga] Pentixafor (Fig. 1) [1, 2]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and cancer.