INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A therapy targeting GLP-1 signaling produces hypoglycemic and weight sparing effects offering therapeutic benefits to diabetes, since the majority of T2D patients are obese, the further weight gain associated with anti-diabetic therapy (e.g., insulin injections) may deteriorate metabolic consequence and increasing risk of death from the disease-related complications including microvascular and macrovascular complications (Calle et al., 1999).