In support of this, we further reported abundant scattered CPHN cells in the exocrine compartment of human fetal and neonatal pancreas [8••], the highest frequency being in fetal pancreas compared to neonatal [90], potentially suggesting that the increased frequency of CPHN cells containing the β cell–specific transcription factors NKX6.1 or NKX2.2 in both T1D and T2D may be indicative of attempted β cell regeneration. This evidence concerns the gene NKX2-2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.