During the peripartum period, fluctuations in gonadal hormones (estradiol and progesterone), changes in oxytocin levels, and dysregulation of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function (such as chronic glucocorticoid hypersecretion) due to hormonal fluctuations and stress are hypothesized to be associated with the development of PPD (see [1, 8, 96]). The gene discussed is OXT; the disease is progressive pseudorheumatoid arthropathy of childhood.