A prime example of the apparent paradox of healthy individuals carrying aberrations associated with myeloid malignancies, is the JAK2-V617F mutation, which has been considered to be the major culprit in causing polycythemia vera (PV) and other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) for over a decade [11,12,13,14]. The gene discussed is JAK2; the disease is acquired polycythemia vera.