The incidence of melanoma has been increasing, and it now accounts for 55 500 cancer deaths annually worldwide.1 The most frequent mutations in melanoma occur at the level of BRAF with a subsequent upregulation of the canonical MAPK pathway responsible for tumor growth and proliferation.2,3 The identification of BRAF mutations prompted the development of a new class of targeted cancer drugs: BRAF inhibitors. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.