Although the density of CD8+ T cells in the cortex was higher in subjects who had confirmed fatal HCM (CM1 and CM2), compared with control human non-CM malaria cases (CM3 and CM7), or non-infectious control cases (CM9 and CM11) (Figures 1Ai,iii,Bi), within the number of samples examined, the difference was not statistically significant. Here, CD8A is linked to malaria.