Similar preliminary results have been reported in an ongoing GBM Phase II trial of ERC1671, or Gliovac, which consists of inactivated tumor cells and tumor lysate, in combination with GM-CSF, cyclophosphamide, and bevacizumab, with vaccinated patients surviving longer than non-vaccinated, bevacizumab treated counterparts (185). Here, CSF2 is linked to glioblastoma.