Using a 13-gene hypoxia signature (RRAGD, FABP5, UCHL1, GAL, PLOD, DDIT4, VEGF, ADM, ANGPTL4, NDRG1, NP, SLC16A3, and C14ORF58), Perou et al. found that basal-like breast cancer and claudin-low TNBC samples expressed the highest levels of hypoxia genes compared to luminal or HER-2 positive breast cancer subtypes, suggesting that hypoxia inhibition could be one of strategies for TNBC treatment [153]. Here, VEGFA is linked to breast carcinoma.