IFNA1 and infection: Interestingly, we found that, despite being relatively distinct in many aspects of their infection cycle and pathogenesis, viruses such as hMPV and influenza viruses share a large common signature, mostly through the upregulation of genes directly or indirectly involved in the IFN response (Fig. 5), and notably the type III (lambda) IFN response (Supplementary Fig. 1).