TGFB1 and diabetes mellitus: Accumulating evidence indicates that hyperglycemia mediates renal damage in diabetes via multiple molecular mechanisms including oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines, induction of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) expression, fibroblast and renin angiotensin system (RAS) activation, as well as depletion of adenosine triphosphate [6].