TRAF3 and Miyoshi myopathy: There is currently an intense effort towards developing inhibitors targeting Akt for the treatment of MM.23 Frequently, multiple E3 ligases regulate Akt substrates, such as TRAF3,41 TRAF627 and Skp2.42 Since TRAF6 has been identified as a major Akt ubiquitin ligase with implication also in MM and as a potential therapeutic target,43 we also found that TRAF6 is positively correlated with Bor resistance (Fig. 1l).