The balance between mTOR activity and autophagy is seminal to modulate stem-cell niche homeostasis as well as quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation of normal NSCs [44,45,46], while mTOR hyper-activation and autophagy impairment may occlude GSCs differentiation, thus sustaining the maintenance and expansion of the tumor stem cell niche [26,27,33,47,48,49]. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and neoplasm.