TGFB1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Bone morphogenic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2), a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, is associated with 70% of familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (FPAH)/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) cases and 20% of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) cases [8].