Also in our study, performed for the first time with a comprehensive panel of main genes involved in melanoma susceptibility, CDKN2A mutations were the most relevant disease-predisposing genetic alterations, occurring in the 37.5% of MPM patients with a family history of CMM; furthermore, 75% of the patients with a CDKN2A mutation had a familial MPM. This evidence concerns the gene CDKN2A and melanoma.