The three most common Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinomas are those bearing the t(X;1) (p11.2;q21) which fuses the PRCC and TFE3 genes, the t(X;17) (p11.2;q25) which fuses the ASPL and TFE3 genes, and the t(X;1) (p11.2;p34) which fuses the SFPQ (PSF) and TFE3 genes [10]. The gene discussed is TFE3; the disease is hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.