ATG4D and autoimmune disease: We also observed that RP11-498C9.15 targeted upregulated genes involved in the negative control of the apoptotic process (i.e., SH3BGRL3 and WEE1) and in autophagy (i.e., ATG4D), a mechanism that seems to be implicated in apoptosis resistance in RA as well as in the development of several autoimmune diseases including RA [39].